{"id":85,"date":"2014-06-28T16:39:43","date_gmt":"2014-06-28T16:39:43","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/beenalab.biu.ac.il\/?page_id=85"},"modified":"2025-03-30T18:38:58","modified_gmt":"2025-03-30T15:38:58","slug":"superconductivity","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/beenalab.biu.ac.il\/?page_id=85","title":{"rendered":"superconductivity"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><div class=\"sidebar menu-hover-fill flex flex-col items-center justify-center leading-none text-2xl uppercase space-y-4 min-h-screen\">\n                    <div class=\"menu-tab\">\n                    <a href=\"http:\/\/beenalab.biu.ac.il\/?page_id=64\">\n                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/beenalab.biu.ac.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/scanning-SQUID-microscopy-e1736846270688.png\" alt=\"Sanning SQUID Microscopy\">\n                        <span class=\"tooltip\">Sanning SQUID Microscopy<\/span>\n                    <\/a>\n                <\/div>\n                                <div class=\"menu-tab\">\n                    <a href=\"http:\/\/beenalab.biu.ac.il\/?page_id=66\">\n                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/beenalab.biu.ac.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/complex-oxide-interfaces-e1736849839950.png\" alt=\"Complex Oxide Interfaces\">\n                        <span class=\"tooltip\">Complex Oxide Interfaces<\/span>\n                    <\/a>\n                <\/div>\n                                <div class=\"menu-tab\">\n                    <a href=\"http:\/\/beenalab.biu.ac.il\/?page_id=85\">\n                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/beenalab.biu.ac.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/Superconductivity-2-e1736850036512.png\" alt=\"Superconductivity\">\n                        <span class=\"tooltip\">Superconductivity<\/span>\n                    <\/a>\n                <\/div>\n                                <div class=\"menu-tab\">\n                    <a href=\"http:\/\/beenalab.biu.ac.il\/?page_id=88\">\n                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/beenalab.biu.ac.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/nano-electronics-2-2-e1736846955436.png\" alt=\"Nano-electronics\">\n                        <span class=\"tooltip\">Nano-electronics<\/span>\n                    <\/a>\n                <\/div>\n                                <div class=\"menu-tab\">\n                    <a href=\"http:\/\/beenalab.biu.ac.il\/?page_id=91\">\n                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/beenalab.biu.ac.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/Nano-electronics-4-removebg-preview-e1736851318679.png\" alt=\"Nano-magnatism\">\n                        <span class=\"tooltip\">Nano-magnatism<\/span>\n                    <\/a>\n                <\/div>\n                                <div class=\"menu-tab\">\n                    <a href=\"https:\/\/beenalab.biu.ac.il\/?page_id=2946\">\n                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/beenalab.biu.ac.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/Bio-magnetism1.1-1-removebg-preview-e1736851273387.png\" alt=\"Bio-magnatism\">\n                        <span class=\"tooltip\">Bio-magnatism<\/span>\n                    <\/a>\n                <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n\n<style>\n@media only screen and (max-width: 480px) {\n    .sidebar {\n        height: 45px !important;\n    }\n    .menu-tab img {\n        width: 35px !important;\n        height: 35px !important;\n        border-radius: 10px !important;\n        padding: 5px !important;\n    }\n   .tooltip {\n       display: none;\n   }\n}\n\n.sidebar {\n    display: flex;\n    justify-content: center;\n    align-items: center;\n    height: 60px;\n    border-color: black;\n    border-style: solid none solid none;\n    border-width: 4.5px;\n    background-color: #ece1e1a3;\n    width: 100%;\n}\n\n.menu-tab {\n    vertical-align: middle;\n    height: 100%;\n    position: relative;\n}\n\n.menu-tab img {\n    width: 50px;\n    height: 50px;\n    border-radius: 18px;\n    padding: 5px 8px;\n}\n\n.tooltip {\n    visibility: hidden;\n    opacity: 0;\n    position: absolute;\n    top: 110%;\n    left: 50%;\n    transform: translateX(-50%);\n    background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.75);\n    color: #fff;\n    padding: 5px 8px;\n    border-radius: 5px;\n    text-align: center;\n    transition: opacity 0.3s ease;\n    width: max-content;\n}\n\n.menu-tab:hover .tooltip {\n    visibility: visible;\n    opacity: 1;\n}\n<\/style>\n<br \/>\n        <div class=\"article-ctr\">\n            <!-- Title -->\n            <h1 class=\"wp-block-heading auto-style16\"><span style=\"color: #993300;\">\n                Flux periodicity in a complex superconducting network<\/span><\/h1>\n\n            <!-- Main Content -->\n            <p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color\" style=\"font-size:18px\">\n                Superconducting networks often display periodic responses to external magnetic fields, reflecting their underlying structure and interactions. We investigated flux periodicity in a Kagome shaped superconducting network using scanning SQUID microscopy. By mapping the network\u2019s response to varying magnetic fields, we identified unique periodic patterns linked to its geometry. Our findings highlight the relationship between network design and flux behavior, offering new ways to tailor superconducting devices for specific functionalities.<\/p>\n\n            <!-- Main Image -->\n                        <figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\">\n                <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/beenalab.biu.ac.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/research-sc-4-modified.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image\"\n                                            style=\"max-width:726px; max-height:177px; width: 100%; height: auto;\"\n                     \/>\n            <\/figure>\n            \n            <!-- Main Link -->\n                        <p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color has-link-color link\">\n                <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1103\/PhysRevB.110.214514\" style=\"color: #3366ff;\">\n                    Phys. Rev. B 2024<\/a>\n            <\/p>\n            \n            <!-- Additional Info -->\n            \n            <!-- Separator -->\n            <hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n        <\/div>\n                <div class=\"article-ctr\">\n            <!-- Title -->\n            <h1 class=\"wp-block-heading auto-style16\"><span style=\"color: #993300;\">\n                Magnetic memory and spontaneous vortices in a van der Waals superconductor<\/span><\/h1>\n\n            <!-- Main Content -->\n            <p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color\" style=\"font-size:18px\">\n                We report on the discovery of magnetic memory and spontaneous vortices in a van der Waals superconductor 4Hb-TaS2. Our findings reveal that the material exhibits a hidden magnetic memory effect which exists about a Kelvin above the superconducting transition (2.7 K). It is trainable, but cannot be observed directly. We see it by tracking the formation of spontaneous vortices.<\/p>\n\n            <!-- Main Image -->\n                        <figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\">\n                <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/beenalab.biu.ac.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/research-sc-3-modified.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image\"\n                                            style=\"max-width:622px; max-height:402px; width: 100%; height: auto;\"\n                     \/>\n            <\/figure>\n            \n            <!-- Main Link -->\n                        <p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color has-link-color link\">\n                <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41586-022-04855-2\" style=\"color: #3366ff;\">\n                    Nature 2022<\/a>\n            <\/p>\n            \n            <!-- Additional Info -->\n            \n            <!-- Separator -->\n            <hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n        <\/div>\n                <div class=\"article-ctr\">\n            <!-- Title -->\n            <h1 class=\"wp-block-heading auto-style16\"><span style=\"color: #993300;\">\n                Visualizing current in superconducting networks<\/span><\/h1>\n\n            <!-- Main Content -->\n            <p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color\" style=\"font-size:18px\">\n                Understanding current distribution in superconducting networks is essential for optimizing their performance in quantum technologies. We employed local magnetic imaging to visualize current flow within superconducting networks as they transition from fully superconducting to normal phases. Our observations indicate that current distribution is inherently non-uniform, influenced by factors contributing to disordered flow during the network\u2019s collapse. These findings can assist the design and development of circuits based on superconductors and Josephson junctions, enhancing their efficiency and reliability.<\/p>\n\n            <!-- Main Image -->\n                        <figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\">\n                <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/beenalab.biu.ac.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/research-sc-2-modified.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image\"\n                                            style=\"max-width:726px; max-height:154px; width: 100%; height: auto;\"\n                     \/>\n            <\/figure>\n            \n            <!-- Main Link -->\n                        <p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color has-link-color link\">\n                <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1103\/PhysRevApplied.17.024073\" style=\"color: #3366ff;\">\n                    Physical Review Applied 2022<\/a>\n            <\/p>\n            \n            <!-- Additional Info -->\n            \n            <!-- Separator -->\n            <hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n        <\/div>\n                <div class=\"article-ctr\">\n            <!-- Title -->\n            <h1 class=\"wp-block-heading auto-style16\"><span style=\"color: #993300;\">\n                Imaging quantum fluctuations near criticality<\/span><\/h1>\n\n            <!-- Main Content -->\n            <p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color\" style=\"font-size:18px\">\n                Quantum phase transitions are driven by quantum fluctuations at absolute zero temperature. Detecting these fluctuations has been challenging due to their subtle nature. In this work we use scanning SQUID to image quantum fluctuations near the superconductor-insulator quantum phase transition. Our technique captures spatial and temporal variations in the diamagnetic response, revealing the persistence of quantum fluctuations below the transition temperature. This approach provides a direct visualization of quantum fluctuations, offering new insights into quantum critical phenomena.<\/p>\n\n            <!-- Main Image -->\n                        <figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\">\n                <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/beenalab.biu.ac.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/research-sc-1-removebg-preview.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image\"\n                     \/>\n            <\/figure>\n            \n            <!-- Main Link -->\n                        <p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color has-link-color link\">\n                <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41567-018-0264-z\" style=\"color: #3366ff;\">\n                    Nature Physics 2018<\/a>\n            <\/p>\n            \n            <!-- Additional Info -->\n            \n            <!-- Separator -->\n            <hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n        <\/div>\n                <div class=\"article-ctr\">\n            <!-- Title -->\n            <h1 class=\"wp-block-heading auto-style16\"><span style=\"color: #993300;\">\n                Direct observation of thermal fluctuations near the superconducting transition<\/span><\/h1>\n\n            <!-- Main Content -->\n            <p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color\" style=\"font-size:18px\">\n                Superconducting transitions are driven by thermal fluctuations close to the transition temperature, Tc. We used the scanning SQUID to image thermal superconducting fluctuations in Nb, and observe them in both space and time. An important outcome of these measurements is the observation that the magnetic susceptibility of a type II superconductor decreases to zero in quantized steps irrespectively to sample geometry.<\/p>\n\n            <!-- Main Image -->\n                        <figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\">\n                <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/beenalab.biu.ac.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/06\/shai1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image\"\n                                            style=\"max-width:687px; max-height:220px; width: 100%; height: auto;\"\n                     \/>\n            <\/figure>\n            \n            <!-- Main Link -->\n                        <p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color has-link-color link\">\n                <a href=\"http:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/abs\/10.1021\/acsami.6b01655\" style=\"color: #3366ff;\">\n                    Applied Physics Letters (2018)<\/a>\n            <\/p>\n            \n            <!-- Additional Info -->\n            \n            <!-- Separator -->\n            <hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n        <\/div>\n                <div class=\"article-ctr\">\n            <!-- Title -->\n            <h1 class=\"wp-block-heading auto-style16\"><span style=\"color: #993300;\">\n                Modulations in the superconductivity of thin films generated by the substrate<\/span><\/h1>\n\n            <!-- Main Content -->\n            <p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color\" style=\"font-size:18px\">\n                Our Scanning SQUID measurements revealed large-scale modulations of the superfluid density and the critical temperature in superconducting Nb, NbN, and underdoped YBCO films deposited on STO. We showed that these modulations are a result of the STO domains and domain walls, forming below the structural phase transition of STO. We found that the flow of normal current is also modulated over the same domain structure, suggesting a modified carrier density. Modulated superconductivity over mobile channels offers the opportunity to locally control superconducting properties and better understand the relations between superconductivity and the local structure.<\/p>\n\n            <!-- Main Image -->\n                        <figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\">\n                <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/beenalab.biu.ac.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/06\/shai2.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image\"\n                                            style=\"max-width:557px; max-height:318px; width: 100%; height: auto;\"\n                     \/>\n            <\/figure>\n            \n            <!-- Main Link -->\n                        <p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color has-link-color link\">\n                <a href=\"http:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/abs\/10.1021\/acsami.6b01655\" style=\"color: #3366ff;\">\n                    Physical Review B (2017)<\/a>\n            <\/p>\n            \n            <!-- Additional Info -->\n            \n            <!-- Separator -->\n            <hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n        <\/div>\n                <div class=\"article-ctr\">\n            <!-- Title -->\n            <h1 class=\"wp-block-heading auto-style16\"><span style=\"color: #993300;\">\n                Mechanical Control of Individual Superconducting Vortices<\/span><\/h1>\n\n            <!-- Main Content -->\n            <p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color\" style=\"font-size:18px\">\n                <\/p>\n\n            <!-- Main Image -->\n                        <figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\">\n                <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/beenalab.biu.ac.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/vortex-manipulation1-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image\"\n                                            style=\"max-width:424px; max-height:354px; width: 100%; height: auto;\"\n                     \/>\n            <\/figure>\n            \n            <!-- Main Link -->\n            \n            <!-- Additional Info -->\n                                                \n                    \t\t\t\t\t\t                        <p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color\" style=\"font-size:18px\">\n                            We Manipulate individual vortices in thin superconducting films via local mechanical contact without magnetic field or current. We used a scanning SQUID to image vortices and move them by applying local vertical stress with the tip of our sensor.<\/p>\n\n                                                        \n                    \t\t\t\t\t\t                        <figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\">\n                            <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/beenalab.biu.ac.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/vortex-manipulation2-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image\"\n                                 \/>\n                        <\/figure>\n\n                                                        \n                    \t\t\t\t\t\t                        <p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color\" style=\"font-size:18px\">\n                            Vortices were attracted to the contact point, relocated, and were stable at their new location. Mechanical manipulation of vortices provides a local view of the interaction between strain and nanomagnetic objects as well as controllable, effective, and reproducible manipulation technique.<\/p>\n\n                                                        \n                    \t\t\t\t\t\t                        <p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color has-link-color link\">\n                            <a href=\"\" style=\"color: #3366ff;\">\n                                Nano Letters (2016)<\/a>\n                        <\/p>\n\t\t\t                                    \n            <!-- Separator -->\n            <hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n        <\/div>\n                <div class=\"article-ctr\">\n            <!-- Title -->\n            <h1 class=\"wp-block-heading auto-style16\"><span style=\"color: #993300;\">\n                Modulated superfluid density in twinned high Tc superconductors<\/span><\/h1>\n\n            <!-- Main Content -->\n            <p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color\" style=\"font-size:18px\">\n                Several physical properties like the local strain, the bond angle, and the magnetic order may change on twin boundaries in orthorhombic crystals. These properties are known to affect superconductivity in bulk measurements. We use scanning SQUID to image the local magnetometry and susceptibility on the surface of twinned superconductors. We observe increased diamagnetic susceptibility in underdoped, but not overdoped, single crystals of the pnictide superconductor Ba(Fe1-xCox)2As2 , consistent with enhanced superfluid density on twin boundaries. Interesting information is also acquired by following the vortex behavior. Individual vortices avoid pinning on or crossing the twin boundaries, and prefer to travel parallel to them. These results help us connect the magnetic properties with the local changes in the crystal.<\/p>\n\n            <!-- Main Image -->\n                        <figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\">\n                <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/beenalab.biu.ac.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/TB-pnictides-20-background.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image\"\n                     \/>\n            <\/figure>\n            \n            <!-- Main Link -->\n            \n            <!-- Additional Info -->\n                                                \n                    \t\t\t\t\t\t                             <a style=\"color: #3366ff; font-size: 2rem;\" rel=\"noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20221225062928\/http:\/\/link.aps.org\/abstract\/PRB\/v81\/e184513\" target=\"_blank\">PRB 81 184513 (2010)<\/a>;\u00a0\r\n<a style=\"color: #3366ff; font-size: 2rem;\" rel=\"noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20221225062928\/http:\/\/physics.aps.org\/viewpoint-for\/10.1103\/PhysRevB.81.184513\" target=\"_blank\">viewpoint<\/a>;\u00a0\r\n<a style=\"color: #3366ff; font-size: 2rem;\" rel=\"noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20221225062928\/http:\/\/link.aps.org\/abstract\/PRB\/v81\/e184514\" target=\"_blank\">PRB\u00a081\u00a0184514 (2010)<\/a>;\u00a0\r\n<a style=\"color: #3366ff; font-size: 2rem;\" rel=\"noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20221225062928\/http:\/\/prb.aps.org\/abstract\/PRB\/v83\/i6\/e064511\" target=\"_blank\">PRB 83\u00a0064511 (2011)<\/a>                                                        \n                    \t\t\t\t\t\t                        <p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color\" style=\"font-size:18px\">\n                            With: Kam Moler, John Kirtley, Ian Fisher, beena@stanford<\/p>\n\n                                                \n            <!-- Separator -->\n            <hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n        <\/div>\n                <div class=\"article-ctr\">\n            <!-- Title -->\n            <h1 class=\"wp-block-heading auto-style16\"><span style=\"color: #993300;\">\n                Dynamics of single vortices on grain boundaries in YBCO thin films<\/span><\/h1>\n\n            <!-- Main Content -->\n            <p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color\" style=\"font-size:18px\">\n                Above the critical current vortices travel in a type-II superconductor allowing for dissipation. Using scanning Hall probe microscopy, we have detected the hopping of individual vortices between pinning sites along grain boundaries in YBCO thin films. The hopping frequency increased with the applied current, which drives the vortices faster. Detecting the motion of individual vortices allowed us to probe the current-voltage (I-V) characteristics of the grain boundary with voltage sensitivity below a femtovolt. We found a very sharp onset of dissipation that shows essentially no dependence on temperature or grain boundary angle.\r\n\r\n\r\nWith: Kam Moler, Eli Zeldov, John Kirtley, Hans Hilgenkamp beena@stanford<\/p>\n\n            <!-- Main Image -->\n                        <figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\">\n                <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/beenalab.biu.ac.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/06\/research-images-with-best-quality-i-can-make-to-be-saved-with-transparent-background-01.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image\"\n                                            style=\"max-width:805px; max-height:389px; width: 100%; height: auto;\"\n                     \/>\n            <\/figure>\n            \n            <!-- Main Link -->\n                        <p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color has-link-color link\">\n                <a href=\"http:\/\/link.aip.org\/link\/?APL\/94\/202504\" style=\"color: #3366ff;\">\n                    APL 94 202504 (2009)<\/a>\n            <\/p>\n            \n            <!-- Additional Info -->\n            \n            <!-- Separator -->\n            <hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"page-templates\/full-width.php","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-85","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/beenalab.biu.ac.il\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/85","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/beenalab.biu.ac.il\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/beenalab.biu.ac.il\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/beenalab.biu.ac.il\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/beenalab.biu.ac.il\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=85"}],"version-history":[{"count":63,"href":"https:\/\/beenalab.biu.ac.il\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/85\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2906,"href":"https:\/\/beenalab.biu.ac.il\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/85\/revisions\/2906"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/beenalab.biu.ac.il\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=85"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}